Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with suicidal ideation among adults, focusing on vitamin D, physical activity, and mental health, using data from the 2023 KNHANES. Methods: A descriptive secondary data analysis was conducted involving 5,286 adults aged 19 and older. Data were analyzed using complex sample descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, x2 tests, t-tests, and logistic regression with SPSS 29.0. Results: The logistic regression analysis revealed that depressive mood (OR=6.98), low stress (OR=0.31), poor sleep quality (OR=1.36), and high anxiety (OR=1.12) were significant predictors of suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The findings suggest that mental health factors are critical predictors of suicidal ideation in adults, whereas vitamin D and physical activity do not appear to have a significant impact. Nurses should prioritize early screening and management of depression, stress, anxiety, and sleep disturbances to effectively identify and support individuals at high risk within the community.

https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2025.34.4.451